From bharat-rakshak forum, sadhana writes:
Re change in Jinnah after 1920
One cause of change in Jinnah was probably British government's allocation of Central Legislative Assembly seats in the 1919 Montford reforms for India.
In 1909 Muslims were allotted 5 of 27 elected seats, according to Ambedkar's book. (Wolpert says 8 of 28 nonofficial seats).
In 1919 Muslims were alloted 52 of 104 elected seats, ie 50%.
So Muslim politicians went from being a minority of the elected Indians in the Central Assembly to equal in number to the other Indians elected.
From Ambedkar's Pakistan or the Partition of India:
Central Assembly seats
1909
Nominated + ex officio = 41
Elected General = 22
Elected Muslims = 5 (Wolpert quotes this number as being 8 of 28 non-official)
Total = 68
1919
Elected General = 52
Elected Muslims = 52
Nominated members = 41
Total 145
Percentage of Muslims to total population was approx 24%
The proportion of seats to total granted to elected Muslims in 1919 was 36% with elected non-Muslims also at 36%.
In short, between 1909 to 1919, Muslims moved to centre-stage as bulwarks of the official/nominated bloc in the Central Assembly. A Muslim politician would get the signal that would be more worthwhile to advocate to the British than to other nationalists.
Incidentally, in the 1935 Government of India Act, the proportions granted in the Central Assembly were not very different:
General+SC 105 (SC=19, General=86)
Muslim 82
Others 63 (Sikhs 6, Christians 8, AngloIndian 4, Europeans 8, Landlords 7,labour 10, industry 11,women 9)
Total 250
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/prit ... /411a.html
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/prit ... /411b.html
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/prit ... 15app.html
Those provincial assemblies elected in 1937 which had elected Hindu majorities, Jinnah and Muslim League rejected within 3 months.
IOW, unless I am mistaken, Jinnah the great nationalist never in his lifetime had to accept the legitimacy of an elected Hindu majority government(ie government responsible to an elected Hindu majority legislature) whether in the provinces or at the centre.
Re change in Jinnah after 1920
One cause of change in Jinnah was probably British government's allocation of Central Legislative Assembly seats in the 1919 Montford reforms for India.
In 1909 Muslims were allotted 5 of 27 elected seats, according to Ambedkar's book. (Wolpert says 8 of 28 nonofficial seats).
In 1919 Muslims were alloted 52 of 104 elected seats, ie 50%.
So Muslim politicians went from being a minority of the elected Indians in the Central Assembly to equal in number to the other Indians elected.
From Ambedkar's Pakistan or the Partition of India:
Central Assembly seats
1909
Nominated + ex officio = 41
Elected General = 22
Elected Muslims = 5 (Wolpert quotes this number as being 8 of 28 non-official)
Total = 68
1919
Elected General = 52
Elected Muslims = 52
Nominated members = 41
Total 145
Percentage of Muslims to total population was approx 24%
The proportion of seats to total granted to elected Muslims in 1919 was 36% with elected non-Muslims also at 36%.
In short, between 1909 to 1919, Muslims moved to centre-stage as bulwarks of the official/nominated bloc in the Central Assembly. A Muslim politician would get the signal that would be more worthwhile to advocate to the British than to other nationalists.
Incidentally, in the 1935 Government of India Act, the proportions granted in the Central Assembly were not very different:
General+SC 105 (SC=19, General=86)
Muslim 82
Others 63 (Sikhs 6, Christians 8, AngloIndian 4, Europeans 8, Landlords 7,labour 10, industry 11,women 9)
Total 250
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/prit ... /411a.html
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/prit ... /411b.html
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/prit ... 15app.html
Those provincial assemblies elected in 1937 which had elected Hindu majorities, Jinnah and Muslim League rejected within 3 months.
IOW, unless I am mistaken, Jinnah the great nationalist never in his lifetime had to accept the legitimacy of an elected Hindu majority government(ie government responsible to an elected Hindu majority legislature) whether in the provinces or at the centre.
